+++ title = "24 Birthday Problems" +++ * Q1 ** a) Use the formulae \[\sum_{k=1}^N k = \frac{N}{2}(N+1)\] and \[\sum_{k=1}^N k^2 = \frac{N}{6}(N+1)(2N+1)\] to evaluate \[\sum_{k=1}^N (4k+3)^2\] ** b)