Analysis

2026-01-19

22 Birthday Problems

Solution Set

The prize money for this year was \$100 AUD and $50 aud respectively.

Read more >

Introductory Real Analysis

Set Theory

Sets and Functions

Problem
Prove that if \(A\cup B = A\) and \(A \cap B = A\), then \(A = B\).
Solution
To show \(A=B\), show \(A\subseteq B\) and \(B\subseteq A\). Suppose \(x\in B\), then we know by definition that \(x\in (A\cup B)\) if \(x\in B\) or \(x\in A\). Which then implies that \(x\in A\) from rule 1. Thus \(B\subseteq A\). Now suppose \(x\in A\) which implies \(x\in (A\cap B)\) (rule 2). The definition of this means that \(x\in A\) and \(x\in B\). \(\therefore x\in A \implies x\in B\), i.e. \(A\subseteq B\), so \(A=B\).
Problem
Show that in general \((A-B)\cup B \neq A\).
Solution
This only holds for \(B\subseteq A\). We proceed by counterexample. Let \(A={1,2}, B={3,4}\). Then \((A-B) = {1,2}\) and \((A-B)\cup B = {1,2,3,4} \neq {1,2}\).
Problem
Let \(A = {2,4,…,2n,…}\) and \(B = {3,6,…,3n,…}\). Find \(A\cap B\) and \(A-B\)
Solution
\[ A\cap B = {6n \mid n\in \mathbb{N}} \] \[ A - B = {2n \mid n\in \mathbb{N}, 2n \not\in {6m \mid m\in \mathbb{N}}} \]
Problem
Prove that:
()
\((A-B)\cap C = (A\cap C) - (B\cap C)\)
Solution:

Let \(x\in (A-B)\cap C\). Then:

Read more >

Birthday Prize Analysis

This front matter follows the pattern of other files in the blog directory, includes math support for the calculations, and reflects the content about birthday prize money analysis with mathematical calculations.

YearsPrizeRecipient
2150,20Aarav, Jisu
2250,100Erick, Sarro
23100,150Unclaimed, Aarav
24300Unclaimed

rule: take the most expensive offering and then double it: 21: 50,20 | 50 22: 50, 100 | 100 23: 100, 150 |

Read more >