pandas is numpy with labels. a Series is a 1-d array married to an index; a DataFrame is a dict of such columns sharing one row index. the single organising idea — the one that explains both the magic and the bugs — is that every operation aligns on labels first and computes second. everything on this page runs against pandas 3.0 (outputs are real).
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Index-Alignment
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1. Wiki /wiki/
Knowledge is a paradox. The more one understand, the more one realises the vastness of his ignorance.