Set Theory

Sets and Functions

Problem
Prove that if $A\cup B = A$ and $A \cap B = A$, then $A = B$.
Solution

Problem
Show that in general $(A-B)\cup B \neq A$.
Solution

Problem
Let $A = {2,4,...,2n,...}$ and $B = {3,6,...,3n,...}$. Find $A\cap B$ and $A-B$
Solution

Problem
Prove that

()
$(A-B)\cap C = (A\cap C) - (B\cap C)$

Solution ():

()
$A\Delta B = (A\cup B) - (A\cap B)$

Solution ():

Problem
Prove that \[\bigcup_\alpha A_\alpha - \bigcup_\alpha B_\alpha \subset \bigcup (A_\alpha - B_\alpha)\]
Solution

Problem
Let $A_n$ be the set of all positive integers divisible by $n$. Find the sets

()
\[\bigcup_{n=2}^\infty A_n\]

Solution ():

()
\[\bigcap_{n=2}^\infty A_n\]

Solution ():

Problem
Find

()
\[\bigcup_{n=1}^\infty [a+\frac{1}{n}, b-\frac{1}{n}]\]

Solution ():

()
\[\bigcap_{n=1}^\infty [a-\frac{1}{n}, b+\frac{1}{n}]\]

Solution ():

Problem
Let $A_\alpha$ be the set of points lying on the curve \[y = \frac{1}{x^\alpha}\quad(0<x<\infty).\] What is \(\bigcap_{\alpha\geq 1} A_\alpha\)?
Solution

Problem
Let $y = f(x) = <x>$ for all real x, where $<x>$ is the fractional part of $x$. Prove that every closed interval of length 1 has the same image under $f$. What is this image? Is $f$ one-to-one? What is the preimage of the interval $\frac{1}{4}\leq y\leq\frac{3}{4}$? Partition the real line into classes of points with the same image.
Solution

Problem
Given a set $M$, let $\mathfrak{R}$ be the set of all ordered pairs on the form $(a,a)$ with $a\in M$, and let $a R b$ if and only if $(a,b)\in\mathfrak{R}$. Interpret the relation $R$.
Solution

Problem
Give an example of a binary relation which is

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Reflexive and symmetric, but not transitive

Solution ():

()
Reflexive, but neither symmetric nor transitive

Solution ():

()
Symmetric, but neither reflexive nor transitive

Solution ():

()
Transitive, but neither reflexive nor symmetric

Solution ():

Equivalence of Sets. The Power of a Set

Ordered Sets and Ordinal Numbers

Systems of Sets

Metric Spaces

Basic Concepts

Convergence. Open and Closed Sets

Complete Metric Spaces

Contraction Mappings

Topological Spaces

Basic Concepts

Compactness

Real Functions on Metric and Topological Spaces